<p>Open Markets Podcasts, explores and sheds light on the commerce development on Nostr and the Bitcoin Space. </p> <p>We’re at the beginning of a shift <em>away from platforms that control commerce</em>… <strong>toward protocols that anyone can build on and participate in</strong>.</p> <p>Each week, we share conversations and stories from the people already doing it: the builders, merchants, and users pioneering this new model.</p> Fountain Mon, 13 Jul 2026 10:42:13 GMT en https://openmarkets.pub Eric FJ & Sync false episodic Open Markets Podcast openmarketsfoundation@pm.me 2c85e01a-cb9c-56fb-8682-a0e42a5521d8 podcast Support Open Markets Podcast full 6456 9e4be015-d894-498f-b81d-104eb598ec0a Sun, 12 Jul 2026 18:38:07 GMT <p>Eric F.J. and Sync are joined by guest Max Hillebrand to discuss the current state of decentralized marketplaces, the shipping problem, privacy technology, and the evolving ecosystem of Nostr-based e-commerce. </p> <p><a href="https://towardsliberty.com/">https://towardsliberty.com/</a> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/marmot-protocol">https://github.com/marmot-protocol</a> </p> <p><a href="https://www.whitenoise.chat/">https://www.whitenoise.chat/</a> </p> <p><strong><em>Project Updates:</em></strong> </p> <p><a href="https://nostrhub.io/">https://nostrhub.io/</a> </p> <p><strong>Shopstr Updates:</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://shopstr.store/">https://shopstr.store/</a> </p> <p><strong>Conduit Updates:</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://conduit.market/">https://conduit.market/</a> </p> <p><strong>Aug 17–22, 2026 🏝️ Próspera, Roatán, Honduras</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://bitcoinvibe.camp/">https://bitcoinvibe.camp/</a> </p> <p><strong>Napplets:</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://napplet.run/">https://napplet.run/</a> </p> <p><a href="https://kehto.github.io/web/playground/">https://kehto.github.io/web/playground/</a><a href="https://kehto.github.io/web/playground/%E2%80%A8">
</a></p> <p><strong>The Couriers Knew:</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/maxhillebrand/the-couriers-knew">https://primal.net/maxhillebrand/the-couriers-knew</a></p> <p>Key Topics:</p> <ul> <li>Shopster's implementation of Cashu Escrow for enhanced marketplace trust and scriptable payments.</li> <li>Conduit's new features, including guest checkout and ephemeral keys for non-Nostr users.</li> <li>The evolution of marketplace specifications, including NIP-99 and the modular approach of the Open Markets Foundation.</li> <li>Privacy-focused communication protocols like Marmot and Cordon for secure, group-encrypted interactions.</li> <li>The "proxy merchant" model as a bridge between fiat economies and private Bitcoin/Nostr economies.</li> </ul> <p>Summary:</p> <p>The episode opens with a discussion on the technical progress within the Nostr ecosystem, specifically regarding marketplace interoperability. The hosts highlight Shopster’s recent integration of Cashu escrow, which provides a high-integrity, scriptable way to handle arbitration and payments. This is contrasted with the traditional Lightning Network, as Cashu allows for complex multi-sig and hash-lock functionality that is essential for trustless commerce. The hosts also share updates from their own project, Conduit, which has introduced guest checkout features to lower the barrier for non-Nostr users to engage with decentralized storefronts.</p> <p>A significant portion of the conversation focuses on the importance of specification design. Max, a long-time advocate for cypherpunk principles and Austrian economics, explains why modularizing specs—like those found in the Open Markets Foundation or the Blossom protocol—is a better approach than maintaining a monolithic, chaotic NIPs repository. By creating "buds" or modular branches of specifications, developers can build domain-specific tools for use cases like real estate, ride-sharing, or logistics without overwhelming new contributors. This effort aims to shape the "digital garden" of Nostr into a more cooperative, standardized environment.</p> <p>The conversation then shifts toward privacy and adversarial resistance. Max shares his work on the Marmot protocol, a group-encryption and messaging system designed for high security. Unlike some existing protocols, Marmot aims for decentralized consensus, whereas alternatives like Cordon offer a more centralized, stable alternative. The group discusses the inherent challenges of "last mile" logistics and the necessity of privacy in handling shipping addresses. They emphasize that while fully anonymous logistics are difficult to achieve due to physical reality, the goal is to increase the cost of surveillance and theft for adversaries.</p> <p>A key highlight is the proposal of the "proxy merchant" model. Max argues that because transitioning from a fiat-based economy to a sovereign Bitcoin standard is difficult, entrepreneurs should act as bridges. These proxy merchants can accept Bitcoin from users, purchase goods via fiat channels (like Amazon), and then deliver those goods to the user. This service solves immediate needs for privacy and Bitcoin-standard living, while also creating a profitable niche for entrepreneurs to stack sats. The hosts agree that this provides a practical, immediate way for Bitcoiners to "opt-out" of surveillance-heavy systems.</p> <p><a href="https://dn721803.ca.archive.org/0/items/a-lodging-of-wayfaring-men-paul-a.-rosenberg/A">https://dn721803.ca.archive.org/0/items/a-lodging-of-wayfaring-men-paul-a.-rosenberg/A</a><a href="https://dn721803.ca.archive.org/0/items/a-lodging-of-wayfaring-men-paul-a.-rosenberg/A%20Lodging%20of%20Wayfaring%20Men%20-%20Paul%20A.%20Rosenberg.pdf"> Lodging of Wayfaring Men - Paul A. Rosenberg.pdf</a> </p> <p>Finally, the discussion touches on the importance of personal responsibility and the role of "Freedom Tech" in reducing the impact of insidious theft, such as inflation and data harvesting. Max recommends Paul Rosenberg’s book, <em>A Lodging of Wayfaring Men</em>, as an essential read for anyone interested in the roots of decentralized marketplaces. The episode concludes with a call to action for listeners to get involved, contribute to the spec, and start experimenting with these tools today, emphasizing that the infrastructure for a parallel, private economy is already here and waiting for builders to step in.</p> https://fountain.fm/episode/43qDqdSlsrzbWlNmltAZ Listen on Fountain! false full 6720 a2958c7a-b8aa-43f9-8661-24db177f24a7 Tue, 07 Jul 2026 21:44:51 GMT <p>Eric and Sync sit down with Thomas, the Amsterdam-based illustrator behind NoGood, for a conversation about Bitcoin art, Nostr, old hardware, open-source culture, physical media, and building a creative life outside the algorithm.</p> <p>Thomas recently released NoGood Volume 1, a self-published book collecting five years of illustration work, sketches, process, and context around the world that shaped NoGood.</p> <p><em>Topics:</em></p> <p><strong>Value for Value</strong></p> <p>We open with zaps, boosts, and streams from Cyphermunk House, NoGood, Mr. Bullish, Shadrach, Permanerd, and other friends of the show. Sync also explains why streaming sats through apps like Fountain feels different from a one-time zap.</p> <p><strong>Nostr DMs, Cordn, White Noise, and private messaging</strong></p> <p>We get into the current state of private messaging on Nostr: NIP-04, NIP-17, metadata leakage, relay uncertainty, spam attacks, multi-device sync, and why reliable private messaging still feels like one of the missing pieces.</p> <p>Cordn comes up as a promising new private messaging project from Gzuuus. Eric describes using it and says it felt smooth, fast, and close to the Signal-like experience people have been waiting for on Nostr.</p> <p>We also touch on White Noise, MLS, 0xChat, Iris, noStrudel, Yakihonne, Cashu wallets, nutzaps, locked ecash, and how ecash could help with smoother streaming payments inside Nostr.</p> <p><strong>NoGood Volume 1 giveaway</strong></p> <p>Sync built a Nostr raffle tool to pick the winner of the NoGood Volume 1 giveaway based on likes, reposts, and interactions with the giveaway note.</p> <p>Winner: Corto Cornelius</p> <p>Runner-up: Turiz</p> <p>The tool was vibe-coded using Shakespeare and Fable, then published through the Nostr-native nsite / ngit flow.</p> <p><strong>Lake Satoshi</strong></p> <p>We shout out Lake Satoshi, a Bitcoin retreat in Michigan running July 31 through August 2, 2026. The reason it came up is that Augie has been exploring ways to bring Nostr marketplace rails, ecash, FIPS, or other offline-friendly tools into the event environment.</p> <p><strong>XMRBazaar, NIP-99, and open commerce</strong></p> <p>Sync brings up XMRBazaar as another example of people building freer commerce rails.</p> <p>That leads into NIP-99, the Nostr classified listings spec. NIP-99 is payment-agnostic, which means people can build open marketplace systems without hardcoding one payment rail into the protocol.</p> <p>Open markets should be an open competition. Bitcoin should win because it is the best money, not because the spec artificially blocks everything else.</p> <p><strong>Bitrefill, gift cards, and agentic commerce</strong></p> <p>Sync floats a possible bridge between Bitcoin, fiat commerce, and AI agents: using services like Bitrefill to let agents convert Bitcoin into gift cards and complete purchases through existing fiat marketplaces.</p> <p><strong>Conversation with NoGood</strong></p> <p>Thomas first became seriously active around Bitcoin after watching Satoshi Radio’s Node Sack series about running Raspberry Pi Bitcoin and Lightning nodes. He set up a node, started experimenting with Bitcoin-only payments, and eventually used that as a way to merge Bitcoin and illustration.</p> <p>Thomas drew constantly as a kid, but early internet art-sharing sites had the opposite effect of inspiration. Seeing polished work from other artists discouraged him, and he stopped drawing for years.</p> <p>He moved into graphic design, became a freelance designer, and learned the practical side of creative work: deadlines, pricing, clients, licensing, print specs, book design, and production constraints.</p> <p>Eventually, graphic design started to feel too safe. Illustration brought him closer to the thing he actually wanted to do.</p> <p>Thomas describes NoGood as the moment he started drawing the things he was already obsessed with: Bitcoin, strange hardware, open-source tools, homemade infrastructure, radios, nodes, broken machines, and characters who look a little beat up but still keep building.</p> <p>The style did not come from one single piece. It evolved. But he remembers the moment the idea clicked: take the illustration work and focus it around Bitcoin.</p> <p>The name NoGood came from a headline about “Bitcoin’s very bad, no good year.” He liked the phrase because it matched how outsiders dismissed the tech, the money, and the community.</p> <p>One of the best threads in the episode: Thomas sees Bitcoin and Nostr as things that work, but often barely.</p> <p>Nodes take days to sync. Devices overheat. Nostr DMs show up in one client but disappear in another. Everything is clunky, weird, imperfect, and still alive.</p> <p>That tension shows up in his work: blinking lights, wires, patched-up characters, old hardware, stickers, bandages, radios, and devices that feel handmade and unstable but full of possibility.</p> <p>Thomas says Nostr gives him the same feeling as Bitcoin: not always a better user experience, but a more fun and inspiring one. The brokenness is part of the energy. There is still room to tinker, wire things together, and build your own corner of the internet.</p> <p>NoGood Volume 1 is a physical record of the first era of NoGood.</p> <p>Thomas was inspired to start the book after seeing Project Japan: Metabolism Talks, a book by Rem Koolhaas and Hans Ulrich Obrist documenting Japan’s Metabolism architecture movement.</p> <p>What inspired him was not just the subject matter, but the physical design: dense pages, thin paper, rule-breaking layout, and the feeling that a book could be strange, serious, beautiful, and self-contained.</p> <p>NoGood Volume 1 became a way to give the work weight outside the feed. Social posts disappear into the algorithmic void. A book sits on a shelf, waits to be picked up, and gives the work a physical place to live.</p> <p>Thomas included sketches and process pages partly because he wanted to show that the work is not AI-generated and not instant. A finished piece can look effortless, but the book shows the layers: sketching, revision, composition, failed attempts, and the slow process of making something good enough.</p> <p>NoGood started in Bitcoin, but Thomas is now seeing brands outside the Bitcoin/Nostr world ask for the NoGood style directly. He mentions Red Bull as an example: they referenced his Bitcoin work, Blockstream work, and TABConf work and asked for that same NoGood world in a broader magazine project.</p> <p>NoGood is becoming more than illustration: a website, shop, book, Nostr profile, NoGood Radio, zaps, and little experiments built around open tools.</p> <p>Thomas wants to keep adding more Nostr features to his site: feeds, zaps, inspiration boards, and other small open-web experiments that do not need permission from closed platforms.</p> <p><strong>Links</strong></p> <p>NoGood Studio</p> <p><a href="https://www.nogood.studio/">https://www.nogood.studio/</a></p> <p>NoGood Volume 1</p> <p><a href="https://www.nogood.studio/the-nogood-book/">https://www.nogood.studio/the-nogood-book/</a></p> <p>NoGood work archive</p> <p><a href="https://www.nogood.studio/work/">https://www.nogood.studio/work/</a></p> <p>NoGood Radio</p> <p><a href="https://www.nogood.studio/radio/">https://www.nogood.studio/radio/</a></p> <p>NoGood on Nostr</p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/p/npub12hcytyr8fumy3axde8wgeced523gyp6v6zczqktwuqeaztfc2xzsz3rdp4">https://primal.net/p/npub12hcytyr8fumy3axde8wgeced523gyp6v6zczqktwuqeaztfc2xzsz3rdp4</a></p> <p>Project Japan: Metabolism Talks</p> <p><a href="https://www.oma.com/publications/project-japan-metabolism-talks">https://www.oma.com/publications/project-japan-metabolism-talks</a></p> <p>Cordn</p> <p><a href="https://cordn.net/">https://cordn.net/</a></p> <p>White Noise</p> <p><a href="https://www.whitenoise.chat/">https://www.whitenoise.chat/</a></p> <p>0xChat</p> <p><a href="https://0xchat.com/">https://0xchat.com/</a></p> <p>Iris</p> <p><a href="https://iris.to/">https://iris.to/</a></p> <p>noStrudel</p> <p><a href="https://nostrudel.ninja/">https://nostrudel.ninja/</a></p> <p>Yakihonne</p> <p><a href="https://yakihonne.com/">https://yakihonne.com/</a></p> <p>Frostr</p> <p><a href="https://frostr.org/">https://frostr.org/</a></p> <p>NIP-17: Private Direct Messages</p> <p><a href="https://nips.nostr.com/17">https://nips.nostr.com/17</a></p> <p>NIP-60: Cashu Wallets</p> <p><a href="https://nips.nostr.com/60">https://nips.nostr.com/60</a></p> <p>NIP-61: Nutzaps</p> <p><a href="https://nips.nostr.com/61">https://nips.nostr.com/61</a></p> <p>NIP-99: Classified Listings</p> <p><a href="https://nips.nostr.com/99">https://nips.nostr.com/99</a></p> <p>Lake Satoshi</p> <p><a href="https://www.lakesatoshi.com/">https://www.lakesatoshi.com/</a></p> <p>XMRBazaar</p> <p><a href="https://xmrbazaar.com/">https://xmrbazaar.com/</a></p> <p>Bitrefill</p> <p><a href="https://www.bitrefill.com/">https://www.bitrefill.com/</a></p> <p>Shakespeare</p> <p><a href="https://shakespeare.diy/">https://shakespeare.diy/</a></p> <p>nsite</p> <p><a href="https://nsite.lol/">https://nsite.lol/</a></p> <p>ngit</p> <p><a href="https://gitworkshop.dev/ngit">https://gitworkshop.dev/ngit</a></p> <p>Take My Sats</p> <p><a href="https://www.takemysats.com/">https://www.takemysats.com/</a></p> <p>bullishMarket</p> <p><a href="https://bullishmarket.onrender.com/">https://bullishmarket.onrender.com/</a></p> https://fountain.fm/episode/WKPmEft6esngfKvtCJSi Listen on Fountain! false full 2704 741aa6ff-7fa4-4e3d-b382-5dd43c12256b Tue, 30 Jun 2026 10:20:49 GMT <p>Bitcoin in London, Madeira, and the Periphery</p> <p>A short episode recorded at the Cyphermunk House in London, exploring what it means to “do Bitcoin” in a place like London and the wider UK, compared with more peripheral Bitcoin hubs such as Madeira.</p> <p>We talk about the trade-offs between building in major financial and cultural centres versus smaller, more experimental communities. The conversation touches on local Bitcoin scenes, infrastructure, sovereignty, Nostr-native tools, and the different kinds of energy that emerge when builders gather in physical places.</p> <p>People</p> <p><strong>Eric</strong> </p> <p>npub10xvczstpwsljy7gqd2cselvrh5e6mlerep09m8gff87avru0ryqsg2g437</p> <p><strong>Sync</strong> </p> <p>npub1equrmqway3qxw3dkssymusxkwgwrqypfgeqx0lx9pgjam7gnj4ysaqhkj6</p> <p><strong>Eugene</strong> </p> <p>npub1jmm9yfymp9rwz46a0z5tcazszg7gue83c4hkktunhs3lkfy7mpdqx6zden</p> <p>Links & Resources</p> <p><strong>Cyphermunk House</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://www.cyphermunkhouse.com/">https://www.cyphermunkhouse.com/</a></p> <p><strong>Myco</strong> </p> <p>An offline-first, peer-to-peer client for nsites. </p> <p><a href="https://zapstore.dev/apps/naddr1qqyxzurs9ekhjcm0qyv8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtn6v9c8xar0wfjjuer9wcpzpwa4mkswz4t8j70s2s6q00wzqv7k7zamxrmj2y4fs88aktcfuf68qvzqqqr7pvjgwy4y">https://zapstore.dev/apps/naddr1qqyxzurs9ekhjcm0qyv8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtn6v9c8xar0wfjjuer9wcpzpwa4mkswz4t8j70s2s6q00wzqv7k7zamxrmj2y4fs88aktcfuf68qvzqqqr7pvjgwy4y</a></p> <p><strong>The Couriers Knew</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/maxhillebrand/the-couriers-knew">https://primal.net/maxhillebrand/the-couriers-knew</a></p> <p><strong>Napplets</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://napplet.run">https://napplet.run</a> </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqs02rmpjzdkuvdrq2uerq60kvqy9zwvx96xq8gaxq8x597dlq7xy7qzwqq7q">https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqs02rmpjzdkuvdrq2uerq60kvqy9zwvx96xq8gaxq8x597dlq7xy7qzwqq7q</a></p> <p><strong>Escrow / NIP Discussion</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/Colabonate/nips/blob/colabonate-freedom-protocol/115.md">https://github.com/Colabonate/nips/blob/colabonate-freedom-protocol/115.md</a> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/2323">https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/2323</a></p> https://fountain.fm/episode/DBC50GX4bYivix4MTLrj Listen on Fountain! false full 8124 58d64ab4-8614-406e-a694-0a8b20c3cfd6 Wed, 24 Jun 2026 22:36:03 GMT <p>Featuring special guest Oshi, Nostr merchant, to discuss various technical updates in the Nostr and Bitcoin ecosystem, merchant experiences, and the philosophical underpinnings of decentralized commerce. </p> <p><a href="http://www.oshigood.us">www.oshigood.us</a></p> <p>Oshi: npub1uzt238htjzpq39dxmltlx60vxym9fetk9czz6kddq6fhvkf4z3usy9qtrh</p> <p>Escrow Links: </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/Colabonate/nips/blob/colabonate-freedom-protocol/115.md">https://github.com/Colabonate/nips/blob/colabonate-freedom-protocol/115.md</a> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/2323">https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/2323</a></p> <p>A non-custodial Nostr marketplace: </p> <p><a href="https://switchboardgo.com/">https://switchboardgo.com/</a></p> <p>Open Markets Podcast website:</p> <p><a href="https://openmarkets.pub">https://openmarkets.pub</a></p> <p>THE FULL MARKET PLACES LIST:</p> <p><a href="https://plebian.market">https://plebian.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://shopstr.store">https://shopstr.store</a></p> <p><a href="https://conduit.market">https://conduit.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://cypher.space">https://cypher.space</a></p> <p><a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://takemysats.com">https://takemysats.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.boutique">https://nostr.boutique</a></p> <p><a href="https://hostr.network">https://hostr.network</a></p> <p><a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://travelly.com">https://travelly.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a></p> https://fountain.fm/episode/f5lD7WmvM552SCe3tZJi Listen on Fountain! false full 6099 7f87dd93-b7c4-4938-9307-bded310d5740 Wed, 10 Jun 2026 23:28:34 GMT <p><strong>Open Markets Podcast | Episode 8: Born To Be Free</strong></p> <p>In this episode, Eric FJ and Sync are joined by Nadja and John, founders of Born To Be Free, the first merchant guests on the Open Markets podcast. Born To Be Free makes tallow-based, non-toxic skincare rooted in health, sovereignty, Bitcoin values, and regenerative sourcing.</p> <p>The conversation covers what it means to be a merchant on Nostr today, how decentralized marketplaces can give businesses resilience beyond Shopify, Meta, and other centralized platforms, and why Bitcoiners are often some of the most intentional customers. Nadja and John also share the story of Born To Be Free’s origin during COVID, their move toward tallow skincare, their experience losing access to Instagram, and why they see health, freedom, self-custody, and commerce as deeply connected. </p> <p><strong>Where to follow Born To Be Free:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Website: <a href="http://borntobefree.store">borntobefree.store</a></li> <li>Nostr / Primal: <a href="http://primal.net/borntobefree">primal.net/borntobefree</a></li> <li>Instagram: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/_borntobefree_/">https://www.instagram.com/_borntobefree_/</a></li> <li>TikTok: <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@bornto_befree">https://www.tiktok.com/@bornto_befree</a></li> <li>Substack: <a href="https://borntobefreeoffical.substack.com/">https://borntobefreeoffical.substack.com/</a></li> <li>X: <a href="https://x.com/BornTo_BeFree">https://x.com/BornTo<em>BeFreehttps://x.com/BornTo</em>BeFree</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>Links & references from the episode:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Open Markets Foundation - <a href="https://openmarkets.pub/">https://openmarkets.pub/</a></li> <li>Conduit Market - <a href="https://conduit.market/">https://conduit.market/</a></li> <li>NIP-99: Classified Listings - <a href="https://nips.nostr.com/99">https://nips.nostr.com/99</a></li> <li>BTCPay Server - <a href="https://btcpayserver.org/">https://btcpayserver.org/</a></li> <li>BTCPay Server Nostr / NIP-05 docs - <a href="https://docs.btcpayserver.org/Nostr/">https://docs.btcpayserver.org/Nostr/</a></li> <li>Shopstr — Bitcoin-native Nostr marketplace - <a href="https://shopstr.store/">https://shopstr.store/</a></li> <li>Plebeian Market - <a href="https://plebeian.market/">https://plebeian.market/</a></li> <li>Nostr Boutique - <a href="https://www.nostr.boutique/">https://www.nostr.boutique/</a></li> <li>Shosho — live streaming on Nostr - <a href="https://github.com/r0d8lsh0p/shosho-releases">https://github.com/r0d8lsh0p/shosho-releases</a></li> <li>Shosho on Google Play - <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.shosho.app">https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.shosho.app</a></li> <li>Conduit “Zap Out” announcement featuring Oshi - <a href="https://stacker.news/items/1502668">https://stacker.news/items/1502668</a></li> <li>Oshi — artisan nut butters & chocolate - <a href="https://www.oshigood.us/">https://www.oshigood.us/</a></li> <li>NIP-17: Private Direct Messages - <a href="https://nips.nostr.com/17">https://nips.nostr.com/17</a></li> <li>BudaBit — sovereign software communities - <a href="https://www.budabit.org/">https://www.budabit.org/</a></li> <li>HiveTalk — Nostr + Lightning friendly video conferencing - <a href="https://vanilla.hivetalk.org/faq">https://vanilla.hivetalk.org/faq</a></li> <li>Pyramid Relay - <a href="https://github.com/fiatjaf/pyramid">https://github.com/fiatjaf/pyramid</a></li> <li>Colabonate Protocol - <a href="https://github.com/Colabonate/Colabonate_Protocol">https://github.com/Colabonate/Colabonate_Protocol</a></li> <li>CrowdHealth - <a href="https://www.joincrowdhealth.com/">https://www.joincrowdhealth.com/</a></li> <li>The Beef Initiative - <a href="https://beefinitiative.com/">https://beefinitiative.com/</a></li> <li>Texas Slim / Beef Initiative about page - <a href="https://beefinitiative.com/pages/about-us-page">https://beefinitiative.com/pages/about-us-page</a></li> <li>Red Banks Beef Farm - <a href="https://redbanksbeeffarm.com/">https://redbanksbeeffarm.com/</a></li> <li>USPS Star Routes history - <a href="https://about.usps.com/who/profile/history/pdf/star-routes.pdf">https://about.usps.com/who/profile/history/pdf/star-routes.pdf</a></li> <li>National Postal Museum: Moving the Mail — Star Routes - <a href="https://postalmuseum.si.edu/moving-the-mail-star-routes">https://postalmuseum.si.edu/moving-the-mail-star-routes</a></li> <li>Amazon Multi-Channel Fulfillment - <a href="https://supplychain.amazon.com/multichannel-fulfillment">https://supplychain.amazon.com/multichannel-fulfillment</a></li> <li>The UPS Store franchise information - <a href="https://www.theupsstorefranchise.com/">https://www.theupsstorefranchise.com/</a></li> <li>Camp Nakamoto - <a href="https://www.campnakamoto.com/">https://www.campnakamoto.com/</a></li> <li>Bullish Market - <a href="https://bestinmarkets.com/">https://bestinmarkets.com/</a></li> <li>Nostr protocol overview - <a href="https://nostr.org/">https://nostr.org/</a></li> <li>Primal - <a href="https://primal.net/">https://primal.net/</a></li> <li>Damus - <a href="https://damus.io/">https://damus.io/</a></li> <li><a href="http://Zap.Stream">Zap.Stream</a> - <a href="https://zap.stream/">https://zap.stream/</a></li> <li>Fountain - <a href="https://fountain.fm/">https://fountain.fm/</a></li> <li>Nostr Wallet Connect / NIP-47 - <a href="https://nips.nostr.com/47">https://nips.nostr.com/47</a></li> <li>Nostr Zaps / NIP-57 - <a href="https://nips.nostr.com/57">https://nips.nostr.com/57</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>Projects and ideas discussed:</strong></p> <ul> <li>NIP-99 commerce listings and how merchants can publish products across Nostr-native marketplaces.</li> <li>The possibility of BTCPay Server integrations for NIP-99 and the tradeoff between convenience, decentralization, and merchant privacy.</li> <li>Decentralized shipping, including historical parallels with USPS Star Routes and modern ideas like private shipping networks or drone-based delivery.</li> <li>Merchant resilience after centralized platform failures, including Born To Be Free’s experience losing Instagram access and seeing Shopify outages.</li> <li>“Zap Out,” Conduit’s early experiment in decentralized checkout using a Lightning zap paired with an order message.</li> <li>Private vs. public checkout flows, including the idea that public zap-outs could double as customer-approved merchant promotion.</li> <li>Escrow, dispute resolution, and reputation models for Nostr commerce.</li> <li>CrowdHealth as inspiration for a community-based, reputation-driven way to handle refunds, merchant disputes, or chargeback-like problems.</li> <li>Shosho’s live-stream shopping model on Nostr, including products and checkout inside a live creator experience.</li> <li>Shopify Collective and Violet-style integrations as useful models for future Nostr commerce tooling.</li> <li>The need for easier merchant onboarding, product imports, notifications, order alerts, scheduled posts, and better seller workflows.</li> </ul> https://fountain.fm/episode/TZL4HHpePAohcPnwQTR6 Listen on Fountain! false full 6850 9e0a3ffb-6429-4a3d-bdb5-4e343a8c5427 Sun, 31 May 2026 17:21:08 GMT <p>This episode features hosts Eric FJ and Sync, joined by Yo from Sovereign Engineering, to discuss recent updates in Nostr marketplace development, gamma markets call, the controversial topic of on-chain zaps, and the unique environment of Sovereign Engineering. </p> <p>T-shirt Competition </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/e/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzp4stmtgrg684lry9kxcsmwthuvg2t2h6kvm4phadkd6g3vptljxhqqdx6atg94n8y6trw35k7m3dv3hhs7rfdenj6mn0wd68yxdpm38">https://primal.net/e/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzp4stmtgrg684lry9kxcsmwthuvg2t2h6kvm4phadkd6g3vptljxhqqdx6atg94n8y6trw35k7m3dv3hhs7rfdenj6mn0wd68yxdpm38</a> </p> <p><a href="https://sovereignengineering.io/">https://sovereignengineering.io/</a></p> <p>Ready for adventure? Sovereign Engineer Cohort 8</p> <p>Experience, build, and alpha-test the future of self-sovereign technology in beautiful Madeira. Don't miss the opportunity of a lifetime.</p> <p><strong>Jul 20 - Aug 28</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://sovereignengineering.typeform.com/SEC-08">https://sovereignengineering.typeform.com/SEC-08</a> </p> <p>Open Markets Podcast website:</p> <p><a href="https://openmarkets.pub">https://openmarkets.pub</a> </p> <p>THE FULL MARKET PLACES LIST:</p> <p><a href="https://plebian.market">https://plebian.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://shopstr.store">https://shopstr.store</a></p> <p><a href="https://conduit.market">https://conduit.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://cypher.space">https://cypher.space</a></p> <p><a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://takemysats.com">https://takemysats.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.boutique">https://nostr.boutique</a> </p> <p><a href="https://hostr.network">https://hostr.network</a></p> <p><a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://travelly.com">https://travelly.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a></p> https://fountain.fm/episode/BGS8MezCVgY9Tb6xwkkn Listen on Fountain! false full 4357 62ab9f28-5462-4f45-8456-1013f33a22fc Tue, 12 May 2026 14:26:40 GMT <p>Next Gamma Markets Call May 19th ! </p> <p>Eric: npub10xvczstpwsljy7gqd2cselvrh5e6mlerep09m8gff87avru0ryqsg2g437</p> <p>Sync: npub1equrmqway3qxw3dkssymusxkwgwrqypfgeqx0lx9pgjam7gnj4ysaqhkj6</p> <p><strong>Followup:</strong></p> <p>Open Markets Website:</p> <p><a href="https://openmarkets.pub">https://openmarkets.pub</a></p> <p>Nowhere:</p> <p><a href="https://hostednowhere.com">https://hostednowhere.com</a></p> <p>Alby 🐝: </p> <p><a href="https://getalby.com/blog/agentic-commerce-a-guide-to-l402-x402-and-mpp">https://getalby.com/blog/agentic-commerce-a-guide-to-l402-x402-and-mpp</a> </p> <p><strong>Conduit Build</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://codex-market-identity-hydrat.conduit-market-coo.pages.dev/">https://codex-market-identity-hydrat.conduit-market-coo.pages.dev/</a> </p> <p>Clave: </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/DocNR/clave">https://github.com/DocNR/clave</a> </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqsrm3afy4dzk53k9yzvyd3358ey65kasmmhzn9dah2vkpphqa3yxvgdxzjte">https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqsrm3afy4dzk53k9yzvyd3358ey65kasmmhzn9dah2vkpphqa3yxvgdxzjte</a> </p> <p>White Noise: </p> <p><a href="https://www.whitenoise.chat/">https://www.whitenoise.chat/</a></p> <p>IPF: </p> <p><a href="https://ipf.dev/">https://ipf.dev/</a> </p> <p>Gzzz: </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/a/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqs9eep0ll6hurjkl3sc2fewgses07mjfwxsdcu3at2m8fd0xrdz3qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3wamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwwpexjmtpdshxuet59uqrzurjd9mxzar9943k7mtdw4hxjcmpw35k7mnn94hhvetj94c82cnvd93j66twveexzum5wf6kxar4wfjsgry226">https://primal.net/a/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqs9eep0ll6hurjkl3sc2fewgses07mjfwxsdcu3at2m8fd0xrdz3qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3wamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwwpexjmtpdshxuet59uqrzurjd9mxzar9943k7mtdw4hxjcmpw35k7mnn94hhvetj94c82cnvd93j66twveexzum5wf6kxar4wfjsgry226</a></p> <p>THE FULL MARKET PLACES LIST:</p> <p><a href="https://plebian.market">https://plebian.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://shopstr.store">https://shopstr.store</a></p> <p><a href="https://conduit.market">https://conduit.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://cypher.space">https://cypher.space</a></p> <p><a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://takemysats.com">https://takemysats.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.boutique">https://nostr.boutique</a></p> <p><a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://travelly.com">https://travelly.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a></p> https://fountain.fm/episode/4l3fl3Evu3tiHVx4smNv Listen on Fountain! false full 5204 b1e4b35a-e839-4a6b-879b-18aad1df5ec7 Tue, 05 May 2026 16:38:55 GMT <p>Last 2 weeks followup, discussing the FIPS project, a network designed to decentralize internet connectivity and enhance local community resilience.</p> <p>Eric: npub10xvczstpwsljy7gqd2cselvrh5e6mlerep09m8gff87avru0ryqsg2g437 </p> <p>Sync: npub1equrmqway3qxw3dkssymusxkwgwrqypfgeqx0lx9pgjam7gnj4ysaqhkj6 </p> <p>Arjen: npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr </p> <p>Fips: </p> <p><a href="https://fips.network">https://fips.network</a> </p> <p><a href="https://learn.fips.network">https://learn.fips.network</a></p> <p><strong>Followup:</strong> </p> <p>Open Markets Website: </p> <p><a href="https://openmarkets.pub">https://openmarkets.pub</a> </p> <p>Milk Market Campaign: </p> <p><a href="https://invest.timestampfinancial.com/offering/shopstr/details">https://invest.timestampfinancial.com/offering/shopstr/details</a> </p> <p>LNBits 1.5: </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqs2hqd7d72439qpy078r50fsufcdq3a6zy29cclt9ty7u2gw8x96yg505wk4">https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqs2hqd7d72439qpy078r50fsufcdq3a6zy29cclt9ty7u2gw8x96yg505wk4</a> </p> <p>Nowhere:</p> <p><a href="https://hostednowhere.com">https://hostednowhere.com</a> </p> <p>THE FULL MARKET PLACES LIST: </p> <p><a href="https://Plebian.Market">https://plebian.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://shopstr.store">https://shopstr.store</a></p> <p><a href="https://conduit.market/">https://conduit.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://cypher.space">https://cypher.space</a></p> <p><a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a></p> <p><a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.takemysats.com/">https://takemysats.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.boutique">https://nostr.boutique</a></p> <p><a href="https://travelly.com">https://travelly.com</a></p> <p><a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a></p> https://fountain.fm/episode/eaQOAVu8jhFQUhqu3XTu Listen on Fountain! false full 3984 4a20efc4-449b-4bd8-bfce-c0577022c696 Fri, 24 Apr 2026 12:46:31 GMT <p>In this episode of the Open Markets Podcast, Eric F.J. and Sync catch up on boosts, unpack the latest developments around Gamma Markets Call, and explore bringing fiat payments into Nostr Boutique’s decentralized commerce ecosystem. </p> <p><strong>🔗 Links</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Gamma Market Spec / Repo:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/gammamarkets">https://github.com/gammamarkets</a></li> <li><strong>Marketplaces:</strong> <a href="https://Plebian.Market">https://Plebian.Market</a><a href="https://plebeian.market/"> </a> <a href="https://shopstr.store/">https://shopstr.store/</a> <a href="https://conduit.market/">https://conduit.market/</a> <a href="https://cypher.space">https://nostr.boutique</a> <a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a> <a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a> <a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a> <a href="https://www.takemysats.com/">https://www.takemysats.com/</a></li> </ul> https://fountain.fm/episode/SC1QOwxzj6abBInSrbE3 Listen on Fountain! false full 6053 606bbfd1-aec6-47fd-8ad8-09da932c02aa Mon, 13 Apr 2026 19:29:39 GMT <p>In this episode of the <strong>Open Markets Podcast</strong>, Eric FJ and Sync sit down with <strong>Calvadev</strong> — a true OG in the open markets movement — for a powerful conversation on decentralized commerce, freedom tech, and why <strong>Nostr could reshape the future of e-commerce</strong>. </p> <p><a href="https://invest.timestampfinancial.com/offering/shopstr/details">https://invest.timestampfinancial.com/offering/shopstr/details</a> </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/p/nprofile1qqsdxm5qs0a8kdk6aejxew9nlx074g7cnedrjeggws0sq03p4s9khmq5n372u">https://primal.net/p/nprofile1qqsdxm5qs0a8kdk6aejxew9nlx074g7cnedrjeggws0sq03p4s9khmq5n372u</a> </p> <p><a href="https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqsrskxuk0dz77cv2c4kg5um75lnx9nq34hyw2nsy35jhny62pp65mchw0w9r">https://primal.net/e/nevent1qqsrskxuk0dz77cv2c4kg5um75lnx9nq34hyw2nsy35jhny62pp65mchw0w9r</a> </p> <p>They kick things off with major ecosystem updates, including the latest from <strong>Nostr Boutique</strong>, news on <strong>Plebeian Market auctions</strong>, and Eric’s announcement that <strong>Conduit is going fully open source under the MIT license</strong>. Calvadev also shares details on <strong>Shopster’s equity crowdfunding campaign on Timestamp</strong>, giving supporters a chance to invest in the future of open marketplaces. Plus, the team reacts to <strong>Shopify’s new AI toolkit</strong> and what it could mean for online sellers everywhere.</p> <p>From there, the conversation dives into Calvadev’s journey into decentralized markets — from the influence of <strong>Ross Ulbricht and Silk Road</strong>, to Bitcoin, GameStop, Nostr, and the founding vision behind <strong>Shopster</strong>. He breaks down the evolution of the protocol, the early design decisions behind the platform, and why tools like <strong>eCash</strong> are critical for private, peer-to-peer payments.</p> <p>But this episode goes beyond commerce. Calvadev also shares his passion for <strong>food freedom</strong>, including the fight for access to <strong>raw milk</strong> and the challenges independent farmers face under today’s regulatory systems. It’s a compelling look at how decentralized marketplaces can support not just entrepreneurs, but producers, families, and local communities.</p> <p>The episode wraps with a thoughtful discussion on <strong>monetization in decentralized marketplaces</strong> — from value-for-value models and onboarding with eCash, to building sustainable revenue without relying on traditional SaaS playbooks.</p> <p>If you care about <strong>open source</strong>, <strong>peer-to-peer markets</strong>, <strong>Bitcoin-native commerce</strong>, or the future of <strong>food and economic freedom</strong>, this is an episode you won’t want to miss.</p> <p>Visit <a href="http://shopstermarkets.com"><strong>shopstermarkets.com</strong></a> and <a href="http://milk.market"><strong>milk.market</strong></a> to learn more about Calvadev’s work and the crowdfunding campaign.</p> https://fountain.fm/episode/ZsPlOFGVLFE3N5IxqXOu Listen on Fountain! false full 3428 05487674-fbcf-488a-a741-df7b8de73dcc Mon, 06 Apr 2026 15:41:29 GMT <p>Eric and Sync kick things off with some follow-up from the last episode, then get into a frustrating Amazon purchase gone wrong before diving into Sync’s latest experiment—vibe coding a Nostr-native shop experience. From there, the conversation expands into Nostr Boutique, a new kind of app built on Nostr, and eventually heads into a bigger question: what does it actually mean—legally and practically—to build on an open protocol like Nostr?</p> <p>Links: </p> <p><a href="https://nostr.boutique">https://nostr.boutique</a> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/OpenMarketsFoundation/Agent-Skill">https://github.com/OpenMarketsFoundation/Agent-Skill</a> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/OpenMarketsFoundation/Gamma-Napp">https://github.com/OpenMarketsFoundation/Gamma-Napp</a> </p> <p>Followup: </p> <p><a href="https://www.technoamish.com/">https://www.technoamish.com/</a> </p> <p>Marketplaces: </p> <p><strong>Marketplaces:</strong> </p> <p><a href="https://Plebian.Market">https://Plebian.Market</a> </p> <p><a href="https://shopstr.store/">https://shopstr.store</a> </p> <p><a href="https://conduit.market/">https://conduit.market/</a> </p> <p><a href="https://cypher.space">https://cypher.space</a> </p> <p><a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a> </p> <p><a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a> </p> <p><a href="https://www.takemysats.com/">https://www.takemysats.com/</a> </p> <p><a href="https://nostr.boutique">https://nostr.boutique</a> </p> <p><a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a> </p> <p>In this episode, the hosts share updates from the community, including progress around agentic commerce for restaurants and a project moving toward NIP-99 compliance. They also highlight a new client, Techno Amish, who is integrating shop experiences into a 3D world—an example of how people are starting to use Nostr in creative, unexpected ways. The flexibility of the protocol really stands out here, especially when it comes to content discovery and visualizing connections. They also mention that the podcast is now available on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, and Overcast, and encourage listeners to join the Nostr-native experience.</p> <p>Eric then shares a personal story about buying a pop-up dog shelter on Amazon that didn’t quite live up to expectations—it arrived missing key parts, despite glowing reviews. It becomes a jumping-off point for a broader critique of centralized marketplaces, where incentives don’t always align with honest outcomes. In contrast, they talk about the potential of open commerce systems like Conduit, where trust and reputation can be built within your own network.</p> <p>Sync walks through his current build process, describing a three-step approach: first creating a storefront, then adding a backend for managing orders, and finally evolving it into a more dynamic marketplace. This leads into Nostr Boutique, an N-site app hosted on Blossom that lets anyone spin up a storefront without needing an account. One standout feature is the “steal this site” button, which allows users to clone and redeploy a site instantly—leaning into a more collaborative, remix-friendly model of building. The discussion also touches on the resilience of hosting across multiple gateways and how that changes the way we think about deploying apps.</p> <p>From there, things get a bit more technical. Sync explains how Nostr Boutique integrates NIP-99 into N-sites, allowing apps to pull identity directly from subdomains. This makes cloning and customizing sites even easier, lowering the barrier for experimentation. He also shares a bit about his “vibe coding” workflow and the tools he’s using, including ChatGPT Codex and OpenCode, along with an agent skill that helps others spin up their own storefronts.</p> <p>The conversation then shifts into the legal side of decentralized commerce. The hosts are careful to note that they’re not lawyers, but they explore the topic through the lens of responsibility and intent. They reference the history of Silk Road—not as a blueprint, but as context—and make it clear that the goal here is to build something pro-social. A key point is that protocols themselves aren’t inherently legal or illegal; responsibility sits with the individuals using them.</p> <p>They talk about how moderation and compliance might work in a decentralized world, and how incentives could actually favor better behavior compared to centralized platforms. There’s also a discussion around privacy, particularly the idea of “privacy by design,” where users aren’t required to give up unnecessary data. This naturally ties into the concept of a web of trust, where reputation is earned over time and can’t easily be taken away or manipulated.</p> <p>The episode wraps with a broader reflection on what’s possible. Nostr opens the door to new kinds of commerce—ones that are more open, more flexible, and potentially more aligned with users. But with that comes responsibility. The hosts end on a hopeful note, emphasizing that the direction this ecosystem takes will ultimately depend on how people choose to build and participate in it.</p> https://fountain.fm/episode/Lpfcx5Cs79DSxcXikTh0 Listen on Fountain! false full 3136 b3db2fa5-7129-40af-9b88-6129804135af Mon, 30 Mar 2026 23:22:14 GMT <p>We kick things off with a few follow-ups from last episode—links to the Gamma Market repo, marketplaces building in the open, and a quick nod to <em>TakeMySats</em>. If you’re on Nostr, drop a comment and join the conversation.</p> <p>Then we dive into the big idea: <strong>the Agentic Commerce Age</strong>.</p> <p>As AI agents become the interface for buying and selling, two paths emerge:</p> <ol> <li>Open models querying permissionless marketplaces</li> <li>Closed ecosystems controlled by a few AI platforms</li> </ol> <p>We break down why <strong>Bitcoin and Nostr</strong>—as open protocols—offer a credible alternative to platform capture: no gatekeepers, no marketing departments, just sovereign money and open discovery.</p> <p>🛍️ <strong>Merchants shoutout on Nostr !</strong></p> <p><strong>🛠️ Vibecode: Build challenge scope</strong></p> <p>Can you spin up a NIP-99 compliant marketplace in a day?</p> <p>We walk through the stack:</p> <ul> <li>Sebastian’s Nuxt MKStack boilerplate</li> <li>OpenCode (vs Goose) for exploring the spec</li> <li>Claude or ChatGPT (subscription recommended)</li> <li>Optional GitHub setup</li> </ul> <p><strong>Goal:</strong> launch and deploy your own Gamma Market–compatible Nostr marketplace.</p> <p><strong>🔗 Links</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Gamma Market Spec / Repo:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/gammamarkets">https://github.com/gammamarkets</a></li> <li><strong>Marketplaces:</strong> <a href="https://plebeian.market/">https://Plebian.Market </a> <a href="https://shopstr.store/">https://shopstr.store/</a> <a href="https://conduit.market/">https://conduit.market/</a> <a href="https://cypher.space">https://cypher.space</a> <a href="https://milk.market">https://milk.market</a> <a href="https://synvya.com">https://synvya.com</a> <a href="https://nostr.blue">https://nostr.blue</a> <a href="https://www.takemysats.com/">https://www.takemysats.com/</a></li> <li><strong>Agentic commerce links:</strong> <a href="https://rye.com/blog/openai-chatgpt-checkout-agentic-commerce">https://rye.com/blog/openai-chatgpt-checkout-agentic-commerce</a> <a href="https://www.adweek.com/commerce/openais-chatgpt-is-making-a-big-change-to-its-commerce-strategy/">https://www.adweek.com/commerce/openais-chatgpt-is-making-a-big-change-to-its-commerce-strategy/</a> <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/07/openai-and-the-race-for-ai-driven-commerce/">https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/07/openai-and-the-race-for-ai-driven-commerce/</a></li> </ul> https://fountain.fm/episode/SzCwfKhZzZTA12cW60xw Listen on Fountain! false full 3536 b65aeb7b-bc36-42c3-b445-10ca2523756c Fri, 27 Mar 2026 18:31:45 GMT <p>In this episode Eric FJ & Sync go over the goal of the podcast, the Nostr Gamma Markets commerce specification and the state of the current Nostr Commerce state of the network.</p> https://openmarkets.pub Listen on Fountain! 1 1 1 1 false